Hydrophile-Lipophile-Balance and Interfacial Tensions in Water-Hydrocarbon-Surfactant Systems

摘要: Three-component systems consisting of water, a hydrocarbon oil, and nonionic polyoxyethylene surfactant the form CnH2n+1 (OCH2CH2) mOH (denoted CnEm) exhibit rich phase behaviour with liquid one-, two- three-phase regions (and several liquid-crystal phases at higher concentrations). The capability to solubilize oil in water reduce w/o interfacial tension σ depends on balance hydrophilic hydrophobic interactions temperature (Shinoda Friberg 1986). A well-balanced Cn Em is predominantly water-soluble low temperatures oil-soluble temperatures. This “phase inversion” usually involves formation surfactant-rich third which described as microemulsion, or organized Lindman 1987), although from phenomenological point view these are closely analogous three- four-component smaller amphiphilic molecules (which not forming micellar solutions phases). aqueous α, β, oil-rich y can coexist only over limited range between lower critical end-point T1 (at α β become identical presence ϒ) an upper Tu ϒ α) (Kahlweit 1982; Kahlweit et al. 1983, 1984; Strey 1985).