Crystal Growth in Gels from the Mechanisms of Crystal Growth to Control of Polymorphism: New Trends on Theoretical and Experimental Aspects

摘要: A gel can be considered to a two-phase (liquid and solid) system, which lacks flow once it reaches stationary state. The solid phase is usually tridimensional polymeric mesh, while the liquid found in three forms: contained great cavities, retained capillary pores between micelles, or adsorbed on surface of micelle. influence use gels crystal growth diverse depends type being used. decrease solubility any solute may occur if solvent interacts extensively with section, hence, nucleation these cases apparently occurs at relatively low supersaturations. However, pore size small enough, there possibility that higher supersaturation needed, due compartmentalization solvents. Finally, this also represent an effect diffusion substances. This review divided into main parts; first evaluates theory practice used for obtainment polymorphs. second part describes crystallogenesis different last related particularities protein polymorphism, as well modern trends high-resolution X-ray crystallography.