Hot moments and hotspots of cyanobacteria hyperblooms in the Curonian Lagoon (SE Baltic Sea) revealed via remote sensing-based retrospective analysis.

摘要: A temporally and spatially detailed historical (1985-2018) analysis of cyanobacteria blooms was performed in the Curonian Lagoon (Lithuania, Russia), largest coastal lagoon Baltic Sea. Satellite data allowed mapping surface accumulations, so-called "scums", chlorophyll-a concentration. The 34-year time series shows a tendency towards later occurrence (October-November) scum presence, whereas period its onset (June-July) remains relatively constant. periods when scums are present, "hot moments", have been consistently increasing duration since 2008. differences starting, ending annual significantly altered by hydro-meteorological conditions (river discharge, water temperature, wind conditions) their year-round patterns. most important environmental factors that determined temporal changes presence area were standing stock ambient conditions. "hotspots", areas where likely occur, distributed south-southwestern central parts lagoon. least affected northern part, which is connected to waters Sea, Nemunas River delta region. longstanding, well-established spatial patterns linked hydrodynamic features, namely renewal current patterns, potential nutrient sources included muddy sediments locations colonies piscivorous birds. Our findings confirmed seasonal variations regulation complex issue due interactions between multiple over broad scales. Despite great progress prevention control eutrophication blooms, still considered be poor ecological status. This work provides new missing understanding on extent govern them. Such an can help planning management strategies, forecasting magnitude severity under changing loads climate scenarios.