作者: Matthew J. Carpenter , Nathaniel L. Baker , Kevin M. Gray , Himanshu P. Upadhyaya
DOI: 10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2010.06.013
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摘要: Introduction Tobacco use often starts in adolescence, yet assessment of dependence among adolescent smokers remains a challenge, particularly given the potential discord between self-reports smoking behavior and actual use. We could find no prior study, adolescents, that directly compares association objective biomarkers tobacco exposure (e.g., cotinine) multiple measures dependence. This study examined concurrent validity two common measures: Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) Hooked on Checklist (HONC). further FTND by removing one item cigarettes smoked per day.