Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles: Standards and Technologies for Controlling Emissions

摘要: This handbook presents a state-of-the-art review of vehicle emission standards and testing procedures attempts to synthesize worldwide experience with control technologies their applications in both industrialized developing countries. It is one series publications on vehicle-related pollution measures prepared by the World Bank collaboration United Nations Environment Programme underpin Bank's overall objective promoting transport development that environmentally sustainable least damaging human health welfare. Chapter 1 surveys adopted various countries, emphasizing international system employed North America Europe. 2 discusses test used quantify emissions order verify compliance estimate actually used. 3 describes engine aftertreatment developed enable new vehicles comply standards, as well costs other impacts these technologies. That from in-use are an essential complement for subject explored 4. Lastly, role fuels reducing reviewed 5, which benefits reformulating conventional gasoline diesel potential alternative cleaner fuels.