Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 2014

摘要: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, lupus) is the prototype of systemic autoimmune disease (AD). Immune system activation in SLE characterized by exaggerated B-cell and T-cell responses loss immune tolerance against self-antigens. Production defective elimination antibodies, circulation tissue deposition complexes, complement cytokine contribute to clinical manifestations that range from fatigue joint pain severe, life-threatening organ damage [1]. In this special issue, nine papers were selected covering important topics B lymphocytes (e.g., autoantibodies depletion therapy), immunosenescence, genetics complications such as cardiovascular (CVD), preeclampsia, fatigue, depression. B are effectors humoral immunity, providing defense pathogens through different functions including antibody production. In context ADs, play an essential role not only producing but also functioning antigen presenting cells a source cytokines pointed out G. J. Tobon colleagues, who reviewed autoimmunity ADs with focus on their abnormalities SLE. We recognize today determined diversity appearing [2, 3]. This explains presentations within individuals SLE. E. Cozzani colleagues most correlation between immunopathological features aspects. Recommendations for determining anti-nuclear anti-double stranded DNA specific validation methods have been published elsewhere [4]. Given autoantibody production hallmark SLE, it surprising therapy promising therapeutic option management Rituximab (RTX), chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has used off-license severe refractory since 2002. F. Bonilla-Abadia report results retrospective descriptive observational study patients conventional treatment treated RTX remission induction maintenance. They observed significant reduction immunosuppressive drug dose number relapses suggesting could be effective safe therapy. An matter about 2014 will progress even release ongoing trials new biological therapies epratuzumab, humanized anti-CD22 subcutaneous belimumab, human inhibits B-lymphocyte stimulator, well investigator-initiated (i.e., RITUXILUP Ring) [5]. Senescence normal process occurs all organisms involves decline cell functions. system, phenomenon known immunosenescence refers function deregulation. A complete review topic presented issue. ADs genetically susceptible whom expression modified permissive protective environments occurring over time [6]. plethora susceptibility genetic variants emerged. As per case more than 100 loci replicated several independent studies modify risk acquire disease. Molineros Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation replication which 22 recently identified genes strongly associated Malaysians. In order better understand basis might due natural selection, P. S. Ramos original showing positive selection at SLE-associated loci. Their “provide corroborating evidence support recent one mechanism underlying elevated population frequency should stimulate future research integrates signals help identify functional alleles.” Concerning environmental factors involved induction, we surprised each novel modern factors. One last ones belongs ASIA (Autoimmune Syndrome Induced Adjuvants). sense, papillomavirus quadrivalent (types 6, 11, 16, 18) vaccine, recombinant (Gardasil), became almost mandatory many countries, aluminum adjuvant. It 6 cases following Gardasil vaccination reported [7]. Further expected come light 2014. CVD major concern whose varies depending ancestry. Amaya-Amaya high rate CVD Latin American encourage preventive strategies aimed facilitate suppression cigarette smoking coffee consumption tight control dyslipidemia other modifiable complication. One obstetric preeclampsia. A. Schramm M. B. Clowse, after overview pathogenesis preeclampsia pregnancies, previous prevention aspirin treatment, recommend low-dose administration starting prior 16 weeks gestation. needed confirm recommendation. Patients higher levels cognitive difficulties, depression, pain, fatigue. R. Fonseca case-control lower scores quality-of-life dimensions related physical impairment found compared controls. Authors suggest unexplained may signify early sign flare-up. We hope readers Autoimmune Diseases enjoy issue encouraged translate knowledge into practice. Juan-Manuel Anaya Yehuda Shoenfeld Ricard Cervera