Urban Sprawl, Job Decentralization, and Congestion: The Welfare Effects of Congestion Tolls and Urban Growth Boundaries

摘要: This paper develops a spatial general equilibrium model to explore the endogenous relations between urban sprawl, job decentralization, and traffic congestion, then compares efficiency welfare impacts of anti-congestion policies. Differing from many existing non-moncentric models, in this fully endogenizes both production congestion externalities, relaxes assumption fixed city/metropolitan boundary, relies on values travel work time. Simulation results suggest that spurs firms decentralize agglomerate away center, with households living more centrally. A congestion-toll policy brings slightly compact form serves as an effective strategy for correcting by maximally improving social welfare. Urban growth boundary (UGB) strategies tested here alleviate externalities lower times, vehicle-miles traveled, costs; but UGBs carry certain loss owning land rent escalation UGBs’ limitations decentralization.