Male Circumcision: An Appraisal of Current Instrumentation

摘要: The topic of male circumcision (MC) is considerable current interest, largely because widespread publicity generated by research findings attesting to its ability prevent HIV infection during heterosexual intercourse. In addition, long-recognized protect against other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has also been well publicized in recent times, especially now that support provided large randomized controlled trials (RCTs). While MC can be performed at any age, the ease with which infancy makes this time life preferable intervention later childhood or adulthood. As as issue safety, convenience, simplicity and consequent cost reductions, provides greater net benefits over lifetime individual. It immediate 10-fold protection urinary tract thus kidney damage baby boys, penile cancer than life, virtually eliminating risk disease high morbidity mortality (Morris, 2007; Morris, 2010; Tobian et al., Morris 2011). Another benefit prevention phimosis, a common cause sexual problems adolescent boys men, major factor for cancer. lowers inflammatory skin conditions such balanoposthitis. Circumcised men have superior hygiene (O'Farrell 2005) half prevalence thrush (Richters 2006). far STIs concerned, most notable human papillomavirus (HPV), pathogen not only responsible cervical cancers women, but proportion (Morris reduces incidence ulcerative STIs, including syphilis, chancroid, Trichomonas vaginalis, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) (Weiss 2006; & Castellsague, 2010). lower genital ulcer result reduction injury arising from tearing foreskin frenulum activity (Bailey Mehta, 2009). age diabetes 2011), no adverse effect on function, sensation acceptability 2010), if anything reverse (Krieger 2008). public health women lowering their various high-risk HPV types cancer, HSV-2,