Senior Civil Servants and Bureaucratic Change in Belgium

摘要: The Belgian civil service used to be a Weberian bureaucracy, with strict division of labor between servants and politicians, administrative careers based on both seniority partisan patronage, technocratic culture coupled high level alienation from politics politicians. Administrative reform came in the wake constitutional that transformed unitary Belgium into federal state several governments, each its own. fiscal crisis prompted them look favorably promises New Public Management (NPM). new Flemish government was first take advantage this opportunity, as it had financial resources, tendency refer Anglo-Saxon Dutch examples, right political leadership.The staying power these yet precarious reforms depends continuity leadership, establishment an matching institutional innovations, resistance endemic temptation use for purposes.