The Economic Burden of Elevated Blood Glucose Levels in 2012: Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, and Prediabetes

摘要: OBJECTIVE To update estimates of the economic burden undiagnosed diabetes, prediabetes, and gestational diabetes mellitus in 2012 U.S. to present state-level estimates. Combined with published for diagnosed these statistics provide a detailed picture costs associated elevated glucose levels. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study estimated health care use medical expenditures excess expected levels occurring absence or prediabetes. Data sources that were analyzed include Optum claims ∼4.9 million commercially insured patients who continuously enrolled from 2010 2012, Medicare Standard Analytical Files containing ∼2.6 2011, Nationwide Inpatient Sample ∼7.8 hospital discharge records. The indirect includes reduced labor force participation, missed workdays, productivity. State-level reflect geographic variation prevalence, risk factors, prices. RESULTS (all ages) prediabetes (adults) exceeded $322 billion consisting $244 $78 Combined, this amounts an exceeding $1,000 each American 2012. national estimate is 48% higher than $218 2007. per case averaged $10,970 $5,800 $4,030 $510 CONCLUSIONS These underscore importance finding ways reduce through prevention treatment.