Review: The epic journey of sperm through the female reproductive tract.

摘要: Millions or billions of sperm are deposited by artificial insemination natural mating into the cow reproductive tract but only a few arrive at site fertilization and one fertilizes an oocyte. The remarkable journey that successful take to reach oocyte is long tortuous, includes movement through viscous fluid, avoiding dead ends hostile immune cells. privileged collection complete this must pass selection steps in vagina, cervix, uterus, utero-tubal junction oviduct. In many locations female tract, interact with epithelium luminal which can affect motility function. Sperm also be tolerated system for adequate time allow occur. This review emphasizes literature about cattle work other species critical broad concepts. Although all parts reviewed, particular attention given destination,