Short- and long-term flammability of biochars.

摘要: Biochar is becoming a commercial biomass-derived product that transported, stored, and applied to land for environmental management. However, no information available about its flammability significantly affects how biochar can be handled. Given have very different properties depending on from what it produced, may also vary significantly. The of dependency were quantified range biochars produced at pyrolysis temperatures as function time after production. None the studied (34 samples stored least two years under argon gas) qualified flammable substances, assessed using applicable UN method. majority (67%) had combustion front propagation distance all. Almost all fast (71%) higher distances, whereas most slow (80%) did not combust. increased with amount volatiles (r2 = 0.27, p < 0.05, n = 11; dominated by biochars: r2 = 0.62, n = 5), typical lower temperatures. In contrast, within minutes production was made 723 K (450 °C) than 623 K (350 °C), but decreased negligible levels 1 h. Short-term free radicals surface areas react oxygen, long-term storage result potentially volatile matter some still weakly explained mechanisms high-ash dairy feedstock.