Coastal Ecosystem Processes

摘要: Introduction Beaches and Tidal Flats Food Chains, Energy, Carbon Flow Nitrogen Cycling Linkages to Physical Processes Mangroves Salt Marshes Global Trends in Plant Biomass Primary Production Factors Limiting Growth Webs Decomposition Outwelling Seaweed Seagrass Ecosystems Standing Crop Productivity Photosynthesis Whole-Plant Balance The Role of Grazers Detritus Mineralization Ecosystem Budgets Balance: Export Links Adjacent Systems Coral Reefs Sources Fate Organic Matter Phosphorus: Cycles Limitation Factory: Energy Systems-Level Perspectives: Models the Tropical Biosphere Coastal Ocean I. Zone Defined What Is an Estuary? Hydrographic Classification Plain Estuaries, Lagoons, Bays (Types IV, V, VI) Lagoons (Type VII) River-Dominated I, II, III) II. Shelf Proper Edge Shelf-Sea Fronts Along- Across-Shelf Gradients at Nutrient Change Estimates Fishery Yields Humans Degradation Conservation A Glimpse Problem Eutrophication Habitat Modification Destruction Restoration Attempts: Problems Progress Sustainability: Implications for Management Conservation: Tools Impediments Climate Change: Final Remark References Index