Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense transmitted by a single tsetse fly bite in vervet monkeys as a model of human African trypanosomiasis.

摘要: We have investigated the pathogenicity of tsetse (Glossina pallidipes)-transmitted cloned strains Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in vervet monkeys. Tsetse flies were confirmed to mature trypanosome infections by xenodiagnosis, after which nine monkeys infected via bite a single fly. Chancres developed five (55.6%) within 4 8 days post infection (dpi). All individuals successfully infected, with median pre-patent period (range = 4–10) days, indicating that trypanosomes migrated from site fly systemic circulation rapidly and independently development chancre. The time lag detection parasites cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was 16 (range = 8–40) marking onset central nervous system (CNS, late) stage disease. Subsequently, CSF white cell numbers increased above pre-infection count 2 (range = 0–9) cells/µl, positive linear association between their trypanosomes. Haematological changes showed experienced an early microcytic-hypochromic anaemia severe progressive thrombocytopaenia. Despite 3-fold increase granulocyte dpi, leucopaenia occurred (8 dpi) monkey infection, determined mainly reductions lymphocyte numbers. Terminally, leucocytosis observed three (33%) individuals. duration 68 (range = 22–120) days. Strain individual differences severity clinical pathology findings, two (KETRI 3741 3801) producing more acute disease than other 3804 3928). study shows fly-transmitted model accurately mimics human is therefore suitable gateway understanding African trypanosomiasis (HAT; sleeping sickness).