摘要: We study theoretically the effect of inter-habitat migration on distribution population sizes between two habitats, and compare this with expected ideal free (IFD). Whenever emigration from habitats is asymmetric, or when there a survival cost during migration, resulting equilibrium deviates IFD. This result holds irrespective rule, even though density-dependent fraction emigrants generally produces closer to IFD than constant emigrants. Environmental stochasticity causes linear relation in slope intercept only identical net exchange zero. The type asymmetry will influence how we should interpret data different habitats. resource matching also critically contingent relative time-scales renewal dispersal, size measured reproduction dispersal. Therefore, cannot be used uncritically assess habitat quality.