The Role of Trialeurodes vaporariorum-Infested Tomato Plant Volatiles in the Attraction of Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae).

摘要: Natural enemies locate their herbivorous host and prey through kairomones emitted by plants herbivores. These could be exploited to attract retain natural in crop fields for insect pest control. The parasitoid Encarsia formosa preferentially parasitises its whitefly host, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, a major of tomato Solanum lycopersicum, thus offering an effective way improve However, little is known about the chemical interactions that occur E. formosa-T. vaporariorum-S. lycopersicum tritrophic system. Using behavioural assays analyses, we investigated mediating attraction host-infested plants. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, unlike volatiles healthy plants, those T. vaporariorum-infested attracted formosa, this response varied with infestation density. Coupled gas chromatography/mass spectrometric analyses revealed densities induced varying qualitative quantitative differences volatile compositions between vaporariorum adult-infested Bioassays using synthetic chemicals attractiveness 3-carene, β-ocimene, β-myrcene α-phellandrene parasitoid, blend four compounds elicited greatest attraction. Our results suggest these terpenes used as attractant lure recruit control whiteflies fields.