Paradoxical integration : globalised knowledge flows and Chinese concepts in social theory

摘要: thinking especially is highly constructed by the concepts inherent in language thinker employs, a fact noted linguist Alfred Bloom (1981: 33). For these reasons importation of Chinese concept into social science theory which developed Europe or America and typically expressed English, does not simply add what denotes only linguistic sense but also introduces 213 pattern cognition that broadens, qualifies transforms intellectual scope theory. This effect will be indicated different ways chapters 5, 6 7. The observed difference between English Chinese, as 29) says, „are merely differences form, form reflect may very well responsible for important way speakers, opposed to categorize operate cognitively with world‟. Language labels schemas, including concepts, make significant distinctive contributions those who use question. Languages so many fundamental respects say, are therefore associated radically styles forms thinking. 83) reports according his research „distinct languages, labelling certain perspectives on reality others, act (i) encourage their speakers extend repertories cognitive schemas language-specific (ii) define particular set they can mediate acts establish explicit points mental orientation giving direction thoughts‟. It has been shown this chapter structure even geography contribute nature heritage. Like all heritages heritage operates framework incremental sometimes radical change occurs, through strange continuity reference seem have stability at time drawn upon careful consideration hindsight history movement transformation own. process too present chapter. 214 Conclusion discussion major features called here In three preceding asymmetric knowledge flows, relate globalised world, were discussed from point view, contemporary historical. frequently alluded clearly specified. follow one face, xin paradoxical integration respectively outlined applied problems analysis development. Again, assumes distinctiveness justifies application order enrich it. bridges two sets providing fuller notion indicating its content is. provided context, geographic, linguistic, provide it characteristic elements. A demonstration manner operates, how changed continues, persistence spite profound transformation, was given sinicisation Buddhism over long period historical time, second century BC ninth AD. role entrepreneurs adaptation Indian ideas accepted milieu, similar practices spelled out 3. Through example making 215 paradigmatic an discussed, drawing work American historian philosopher science, Thomas Kuhn. principal strands teachings philosophies elemental components identified. highlight contrasted aspects Greek European philosophical developments. neither elucidate general philosophy nor offer comparative perspective thought. Rather pertinent contrasts dissimilar comparable concerns. special qualities heritage, provision within alien normalised absorbed, same operation accepts generates conceptual change, resources understanding cultural world itself component, argument, presentation examples recourse authority relevant experts. These means operates. Given idea context such draw own solidity structural geographic isolation China, agrarian economic base exclusion external vision virtue significance internal trade absence sea-born except tribute 216 dominated states South East Asia encouraged formed early operating still remarkably persistent way, further elements inform, support, refresh inculcate focus concrete rather than abstract, perception wholeness things no matter nevertheless exist some interrelationship develop change. chapter, projects image selfimage chaos continuing transformation.