Stratospheric processes: Observations and interpretation

摘要: Explaining the observed ozone trends discussed in an earlier update and predicting future requires understanding of stratospheric processes that affect ozone. Stratospheric occur on both large small spatial scales over long short periods time. Because these diverse interact with each other, only rare cases can individual be studied by direct observation. Generally cause effect relationships for changes were established comparisons between observations model simulations. Increasingly, rely developing, among trace gases dynamical quantities to initialize constrain The goal this discussion is describe causes as they are currently understood. At present, we understand considerable confidence responsible Antarctic hole but beginning at middle latitudes. Even though latitudes not clearly determined, it likely they, just those Antarctica, involved chlorine bromine chemistry was enhanced heterogeneous processes. This generally presents have occurred since last assessment (World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 1990), a complete review all new information about It begins previous polar stratospheres (WMO, followed possible effects volcanoes.