Universality of spectator fragmentation at relativistic bombarding energies

摘要: Abstract Multi-fragment decays of 129Xe, 197Au and 238U projectiles in collisions with Be, C, Al, Cu, In, Au U targets at energies between E A = 400 1000 MeV have been studied the ALADIN forward-spectrometer SIS. By adding an array 84 SiCsI(Tl) telescopes solid-angle coverage setup was extended to θlab 16°. This permitted complete detection fragments from projectile-spectator source. The dominant feature systematic set data is Zbound universality that obeyed by fragment multiplicities correlations. These observables are invariant respect entrance channel if plotted as a function Zbound, where sum atomic numbers Zi all projectile ⩾ 2. No significant dependence on bombarding energy nor target mass observed. multiplicity follows linear scaling law. reasons for limits observed spectator fragmentation explored within realm available model studies. It found universal properties should persist up much higher than this work they consistent features exhibited intranuclear cascade statistical multifragmentation models.