Factors affecting the vulnerability of cane toads (Bufo marinus) to predation by ants

摘要: Experimental evidence on the determinants of prey vulnerability is scarce, especially for vertebrates in field. Invasive species offer robust opportunities to explore vulnerability, because intensity predation or by such animals has not been eroded coevolution. Around waterbodies tropical Australia, native meat ants (Iridomyrmex reburrus) consume many metamorph cane toads (Bufo marinus, an invasive anuran). We document toad roles body size and ant density. Larger metamorphs were attacked sooner (because they attracted more ants), but escaped often. Overall, smaller likely be killed. Ant densities influenced responses, as well attack rate success. Data immediate outcomes attacks underestimate mortality: than 73% apparent ‘escapees’ died within 24 h. Because mortality during this period was independent size, less selective suggested outcomes. © 2010 The Linnean Society London, Biological Journal Society, 2010, 99, 738–751.