Fallen Angels and the History of Judaism and Christianity: The Parting of the Ways? Enoch and the Fallen Angels in Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity

摘要: ABOVE, WE CONSIDERED TEXTS FROM THE FIRST AND EARLY SECOND century ce as part of our evidence for pre-Rabbinic Judaism, without distinguishing between authors who did and not believe that Jesus was the messiah. This reflects character evidence. References to fallen angels in Second Temple Judaism NT literature follow same basic pattern: early Enochic traditions about Watchers' sexual sins their punishment were widespread, but even texts clearly dependent on Book Watchers consistently omitted reference transmission corrupting teachings humankind. The only exceptions we found two closely aligned with : Jubilees Similitudes . By contrast, relevant Christian sources all followed majority Jewish exegesis Gen 6:1–4 use this apocalypse. finding fits well what know origins Movement Christianity. In after death Jesus, messianic movement became gradually displaced from its original Galilean Jerusalemite contexts, beliefs practices earliest Christians (whether ethnic Jews or Gentile converts) continued be shaped by diverse forms flourished both Israel Diaspora. Patristic literature, can discern first traces a long process which some forged systems belief practice distinguished them other groups progressively “Judaism” more broadly.