Strategic Spatial Planning Revisited Experiences from Europe

摘要: Europe is finding itself confronted with major developments and challenges: the growing complexity of global issues (rise new technologies, changes in production processes, crisis representative democracy, diversity, inequality, migration globalization culture economy), increasing concern about rapid apparently random course (uneven) development, problems fragmentation, rising cost energy, ageing population, awareness (on all scales, from local to global) environmental (climate change…), longstanding quest for better coordination (both horizontal vertical), re-emphasis on need long-term thinking (Albrechts, 2001; 2004; 2006). Moreover, felt by many governments adopt a more entrepreneurial style planning order enhance regional, cityregion city competitiveness, that number concepts (learning regions, knowledge communities, industrial districts, compact cities, liveable sustainable creative multi-cultural fair cities) cannot be achieved solely through physical hard fact (in addition traditional land use regulation, urban maintenance, management services) are being called upon respond demands. These challenges imply abandonment bureaucratic approaches involvement skills resources external administrative apparatus. They serve expand agenda.