Multi-scale groundwater flow modeling during temperate climate conditions for the safety assessment of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden

摘要: Forsmark in Sweden has been proposed as the site of a geological repository for spent high-level nuclear fuel, to be located at depth approximately 470 m fractured crystalline rock. The safety assessment required multi-disciplinary approach evaluate impact hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical conditions close wider regional context. Assessing consequences potential radionuclide releases requires quantitative site-specific information concerning details groundwater flow on scale individual waste canister locations (1–10 m) well composition pathways between facility surface (500 m 5 km). purpose this article is provide an illustration multi-scale modeling techniques results obtained when combining aspects local-scale flows fractures around contaminant source with regional-scale transport subject natural evolution system. set out novel, it incorporates both different scales model levels detail, discrete fracture network equivalent continuous porous medium representations bedrock.