Fluctuation theorems for stochastic dynamics

摘要: Fluctuation theorems make use of time reversal to predictions about entropy production in many-body systems far from thermal equilibrium. Here we review the wide variety distinct, but interconnected, relations that have been derived and investigated theoretically experimentally. Significantly, demonstrate, context Markovian stochastic dynamics, how these different fluctuation arise a simple fundamental time-reversal symmetry certain class observables. Appealing notion Gibbs allows for microscopic definition terms We work with master equation approach, which leads mathematically straightforward proof provides direct insight into probabilistic meaning quantities involved. Finally, point some experiments elucidate practical significance relations.