Dicke superradiance in solids [Invited]

摘要: Recent advances in optical studies of condensed matter systems have led to the emergence a variety phenomena that conventionally been studied realm quantum optics. These not only deepened our understanding light–matter interactions but also introduced aspects many-body correlations inherent processes systems. This paper is concerned with phenomenon superradiance (SR), profound process originally predicted by Dicke 1954. The basic concept SR applies general N body system, where constituent oscillating dipoles couple together through interaction common light field and accelerate radiative decay whole system. Hence, term ubiquitously appears order describe coupling an arbitrary number oscillators many situations modern science both classical description. In most fascinating manifestation SR, known as superfluorescence (SF), incoherently prepared system inverted atoms spontaneously develops macroscopic coherence from vacuum fluctuations produces delayed pulse coherent whose peak intensity ∝N2. Such SF pulses observed atomic molecular gases, their intriguing nature has unambiguously demonstrated. this review, we focus on rapidly developing research solids, photon-mediated (as atoms) strong Coulomb ultrafast scattering exist. We centers aggregates crystals, dots, wells. particular, will summarize series recently performed semiconductor wells presence magnetic field. one type experiment, electron-hole pairs were prepared, polarization emerged cooperatively decayed, emitting intense burst. another cyclotron resonance ultrahigh-mobility 2D electron leading rate proportional density. results show cooperative effects solid-state are merely small corrections require exotic conditions be observed; rather, they can dominate nonequilibrium dynamics emission entire interacting electrons.