Interactive Effects of Racial Identity and Repetitive Head Impacts on Cognitive Function, Structural MRI-Derived Volumetric Measures, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau and Aβ.

摘要: Background: Factors of increased prevalence among individuals with Black racial identity (e.g., cardiovascular disease, CVD) may influence the association between exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI) from American football and later-life neurological outcomes. Here, we tested interaction RHI on neurobehavioral outcomes, brain volumetric measures, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated (p-tau181), Aβ1-42 in symptomatic former National Football League (NFL) players. Methods: 68 male NFL players (ages 40-69; n=27 Black, n=41 White) underwent neuropsychological testing, structural MRI, lumbar puncture. FreeSurfer derived estimated intracranial volume (eICV), gray matter (GMV), white (WMV), subcortical GMV, hippocampal volume, (WM) hypointensities. Multivariate generalized linear models examined main effects its a cumulative impact index (CHII) all Age, years education, Wide Range Achievement Test, Fourth Edition (WRAT-4) scores, CVD risk factors, APOE e4 were included as covariates; eICV was for MRI models. P-values false discovery rate adjusted. Results: Compared White players, participants 4 younger (p = 0.04), had lower WRAT-4 scores (mean difference 8.03, p 0.002), higher BMI 3.09, 0.01) systolic blood pressure 8.15, 0.03). With regards group differences basis identity, compared GMV adjusted 45649.00, 0.001), right 271.96, 0.02), p-tau181/t-tau ratio -0.25, 0.01). There not statistically significant CHII or ratio. However, there Race x (b 2206.29, 12.07, concentrations -0.01, p=0.004). Conclusions: Continued research disparities could provide insight into factors long-term disorders associated play.