The mountain pine beetle: a synthesis of biology, management and impacts on lodgepole pine.

摘要: Les Safranyik and Bill Wilson The mountain pine beetle is the most damaging biotic disturbance agent in mature lodgepole western Canada. current outbreak British Columbia unprecedented scale will have unavoidable ecological economic impacts. Unfortunately, this may be a harbinger to an increased pest threat Canadian forests. abundance of age class timber inventory trend warmer, drier summers infrequent cold winter weather can combine alter balance between host forest ecosystems.