Anthropometry before Day 46 and Growth Velocity before 6 Months of Guatemalan Breastfed Infants Are Associated with Subclinical Mastitis and Milk Cytokines, Minerals, and Trace Elements.

摘要: BACKGROUND Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an inflammatory condition of the mammary gland, but its association with human milk composition and infant growth not well described. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether SCM, cytokines, and/or estimated intakes minerals trace elements were associated anthropometry or velocity before 6 mo. METHODS Breast was collected from Mam-Mayan mothers (n = 114) at both early (2-46 d) established (4-6 mo) lactation. Concentrations 9 (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, manganese, selenium, zinc) analyzed by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry used to estimate infants' daily intakes. 4 cytokines measured. Milk concentrations elemental anthropometric measurements during lactation compared SCM status. Multiple regression identify factors attainment (<46 for weight- (WAZ), length- (LAZ), head circumference-for-age (HCAZ) weight-for-length (WLZ) z scores (expressed as Δ/d) RESULTS prevalence higher in (30%) than (10%) had cytokine magnesium selenium (Padj < 0.0121). At day 46, models showed inverse associations WLZ IL-1β LAZ (Padj < 0.0150). In contrast, linear positively measured (Padj < 0.0124), whereas cranial IL-8 ( Padj < 0.0124). CONCLUSIONS Despite a high inadequate intakes, only intake breastfed infants <6 Evidence shows that breast-milk select are independently