Stratégie et géopolitique de l'opposition à la conservation de la nature : le cas de l'ours des Pyrénées

摘要: Opposition to conservation initiatives is often presented as a spontaneous reaction of local people projects or programs promoted by outside environmental institutions pressure groups. This paper shows that such interpretations, unless based on precise field-work from relevant theoretical perspectives, can be very misleading, purposefully so. The argument rests three complementary perspectives : (1) strategic management approach sees promoting change, and thus arousing potential resistance (2) geopolitical perspective, focusing given political networks powerful economic sectors use this change fulcrum for strategies aimed at enhanced control territories financial resources public funds, (3) critique the rhetorics locality, so used veil strategies. A detailed case-study one emblematic case – opposition brown bear (Ursus arctos) in French Pyrenees mountains precisely are an alliance farming unions forces, play central role evolution species. Based study they advocate, authors stress many difficulties met should not ascribed cursorily bad design implementation, least before in-depth analysis political, social actors may have incentive bringing about failure programs.