The Chemistry of Neurodegeneration: Kinetic Data and Their Implications.

摘要: We collected experimental kinetic rate constants for chemical processes responsible the development and progress of neurodegeneration, focused on enzymatic non-enzymatic degradation amine neurotransmitters their reactive neurotoxic metabolites. A gross scheme neurodegeneration molecular level is based two pathways. Firstly, species oxidise heavy atom ions, which enhances interaction with alpha-synuclein, thus promoting its folding to beta form giving rise insoluble amyloid plaques. The latter prevents function vesicular transport leading gradual neuronal death. In second pathway, radical species, OH· in particular, react methylene groups apolar part lipid bilayer either cell or mitochondrial wall, resulting membrane leakage followed by dyshomeostasis, loss resting potential neuron Unlike all other central neural system (CNS)-relevant biogenic amines, dopamine noradrenaline are capable a auto-oxidative reaction, produces hydrogen peroxide. This reaction not limited where scavenging enzymes, such as catalase, located. On hand, metabolites, dopamine-o-quinone, dopaminechrome, 5,6-dihydroxyindole indo-5,6-quinone, also interact directly alpha-synuclein reversibly inhibit plaque formation. consider role metal selected scavengers discuss relevance certain foods food supplements, including curcumin, garlic, N-acetyl cysteine, caffeine red wine, well long-term administration non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs occasional tobacco smoking, that could act toward preventing neurodegeneration. current analysis can be employed developing strategies prevention treatment and, hopefully, aid building an overall model itself.