Linking altitudinal gradients and temperature responses of plant phenology in the Bavarian Alps.

摘要: Global climate change influences ecosystems across the world. Alpine plant communities have already experienced serious impacts, and will continue to do so as continues. The aim of our study was determine sensitivity woody herbaceous species shifts in temperature along an altitudinal gradient. Since 1994, park rangers been making phenological observations at 24 sites from 680 1425 m a.s.l. Each year 21 were observed once or twice weekly March July; with a main focus on flowering leaf unfolding. Our showed very high degree dependence phenophases inter-annual variation altitude. Averaged over all phenophases, there delay 3.8 days every 100 increase altitude and, elevations, advance 6 per 1 °C temperature. Temperature lapse rates assessed indirectly by phenology, quotient response coefficients, higher than directly calculated July mean temperatures, most likely due snow effects. Furthermore, significant difference found between growth forms (herbs versus trees). Sensitivity less pronounced events occurring later season. results show that reactions differ magnitude during global warming. Consequently, impacts timing migration plant-pollinator interactions rising temperatures should be considered level.