Bioindicators of pollutant exposure in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

摘要: Several bioindicators were used to evaluate the biological and genotoxic effects of marine pollutants near large coastal cities in northwestern part Mediterranean Sea. Three target species teleosts selected: red mullet Mullus barbatus 2 types comber (Serranus hepatus S. cabrilla). Induction ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity specific for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) was measured livers fish, inhibition acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by organophosphorus insecticides carbamates their muscle tissues. Maximal EROD activities (16.8 +/- 2.7 19.4 4.2 pmol min(-1) mg protein(-1)) recorded muller Barcelona (Spain), Milazzo (Sicily) Ostia (Italy) indicated exposure high pollutant concentrations. Inhibitions AChE low areas remote from agricultural industrial activity. The highest inhibitions at sites heavy domestic waste, such as Genoa Naples (Italy), Rio Ter Barcelona, Cortiou (France). Inhibition higher a given station younger individuals 120 140 mm length than those 160 180 long. Antioxidant enzyme (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase DT-diaphorase) 5 stations along French Spanish coasts. Catalase al Cortiou, consistent with levels pollution, lower Mallorca (Balearic Islands). Varying responses obtained other antioxidant enzymes. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), detoxification enzyme, also fish found be significantly locations studied. Chemical measurement PAH surface sediment pyrolytic origin this contaminant all except (petroleum origin)...