Contact/Impact Dynamics Applied to Crash Analysis

摘要: The methods for predicting the impact responses of mechanical systems, such as a vehicle’s response in crash, can primarily be classified into two groups. In one, is treated discontinuous event. A simple form this type analysis usually conducted accident reconstruction purposes which each vehicle modeled single body or object. For constrained jointed systems truck-and-trailer, and also determination structural crash individual components system, chassis, suspension steering mechanism, etc., extension these traditional procedures are presented here, involve both normal frictional impulses, any general multibody system. This method might sometimes limited use, since no significant change must occur system’s configuration before after impact. second group used local deformations contact forces continuous. application requires knowledge variations forces. Several models, including nonlinear visco-elastic, Hertzian-based, visco-plastic models presented. suitability model depends on material properties surfaces range velocities. unknown parameters determined utilizing energy momentum considerations. These then generalized to between bodies Experimental testing procedures, quasi-static approach measure fixed plates simply supported beams, verification developed force models. Examples, two-car side-swipe collision complex rollover applications methodologies.