Multi-locus fossil-calibrated phylogeny of Atheriniformes (Teleostei, Ovalentaria).

摘要: Phylogenetic relationships among families within the order Atheriniformes have been difficult to resolve on basis of morphological evidence. Molecular studies so far fragmentary and based a small number taxa loci. In this study, we provide new phylogenetic hypothesis sequence data collected for eight molecular markers representative sample 103 atheriniform species, covering 2/3 genera in order. The phylogeny is calibrated with six carefully chosen fossil an explicit timeframe diversification group. Our results support subdivision into two suborders (Atherinopsoidei Atherinoidei), nesting Notocheirinae Atherinopsidae, monophyly tribe Menidiini, others. We propose taxonomic changes Atherinopsoidei, but few weakly supported nodes our suggests that further study necessary revised taxonomy Atherinoidei. time-calibrated was used infer ancestral habitat reconstructions explain current distribution marine freshwater taxa. Based these results, likely due widespread dispersal along margins continents, infrequent trans-oceanic dispersal, repeated invasion habitats. This conclusion by post-Gondwanan divergence times order, high probability habitat.