Water Detection Using Bi-Wires as Sensing Elements: Comparison Between Capacimetry-Based and Time-of-Flight-Based Techniques

摘要: It is known that bi-wires can be employed as passive distributed sensing elements (SEs), to accurately locate water infiltrations in soil, concrete materials, and so on, using the standard time-domain reflectometry instrumentation proper signal processing. This paper examines possibility of same kind SEs with simpler techniques cheaper hardware, order trigger an alert case infiltrations. Two are examined: first measures SE capacitance, second time-of-flight electromagnetic waves SE. The performance comparatively evaluated, terms sensitivity presence influence temperature variations. capacitance-based technique found more sensitive water, but also prone temperature, long variations modest entity (below 10 °C). For higher variations, capacimetric method appears advantageous. results this useful practically implement monitoring leaks a large set buried pipes, structure, on.