Mathematical modelling and optimization of a large-scale combined cooling, heat, and power system that incorporates unit changeover and time-of-use electricity price

摘要: Abstract Building energy systems, particularly large public ones, are major consumers and pollutant emission contributors. In this study, a superstructure of large-scale combined cooling, heat, power system is constructed. The off-design unit, economic cost, CO 2 models also formulated. Moreover, multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear programming model formulated for the simultaneous synthesis, technology selection, unit sizing, operation optimization system. Time-of-use electricity price changeover cost incorporated into problem model. objective to minimize total annual which comprises investment costs environmental global augmented e–constraint method applied achieve Pareto frontier design configuration, thereby reflecting set solutions that represent optimal trade-offs between objectives. Sensitivity analysis conducted reflect impact natural gas on synthesis an airport in China studied test proposed methodology. curve shows varies from 102.53 94.59 M$ 407390.4 328632.3 ton. scheme without simultaneously incorporating start-up 1.23% higher than cost. sensitivity results show gas-based heat superior importation both performance when lower 500 $/t.