Seeing the forest for the trees: hybridity and social-ecological symbols, rituals and resilience in postdisaster contexts

摘要: The role of community-based natural resources management in the form “greening” after large scale system shocks and surprises is argued to provide multiple benefits via engagement with living elements social-ecological systems subsequent enhanced resilience at scales. importance so-called symbols, especially potent hybrid symbols trees their handling a disaster interrogated. paper explores notion hybridity, applies it symbol tree postdisaster contexts. briefly highlights three U.S. cases documenting symbolic roles context significant shock system: terrorist attacks on New York City 2001, devastating hurricane that struck Orleans 2005, sudden tornadoes wreaked havoc upon small Midwestern city Joplin, Missouri 2011.