Arsenic in the human food chain, biotransformation and toxicology- review focusing on seafood arsenic

摘要: Fish and seafood are main contributors of arsenic (As) in the diet. The dominating arsenical is organoarsenical arsenobetaine (AB), found particularly finfish. Algae, blue mussels other filter feeders contain less AB, but more arsenosugars relatively inorganic (iAs), whereas fatty fish arsenolipids. Other compounds present smaller amounts include trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO), trimethylarsoniopropionate (TMAP), dimethylarsenate (DMA), methylarsenate (MA) sulfur-containing arsenicals. toxic carcinogenic iAs biotransformed humans excreted urine as carcinogens dimethylarsinate (DMA) methylarsonate (MA), producing reactive intermediates process. Less known about biotransformation organoarsenicals, new insight indicates that bioconversion arsenolipids results urinary excretion DMA, possibly also trivalent intermediates. Recent findings indicate pre-systematic metabolism by colon microbiota play an important role for human Processing may result transformation