A structured review of spinal stiffness as a kinesiological outcome of manipulation: its measurement and utility in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment decision-making.

摘要: Abstract Purpose To review and discuss the methods used for measuring spinal stiffness factors associated with stiffness, how is in diagnosis, prognosis, treatment decision-making effects of manipulative techniques on stiffness. Methods A systematic search MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED ICL databases was conducted. Included studies addressed one four constructs related to stiffness: measurement, prognosis and/or decision-making, manipulation Spinal defined as relationship between force displacement. Results One hundred are discussed this review, majority focused measurement most often asymptomatic persons. Eight investigated providing limited evidence that practitioner-judged radiographic findings sagittal rotational mobility. Fifteen or unlikely independently predict patient outcomes, though may influence a practitioner's application non-thrust techniques. Nine investigating provide very there no change following thrust individuals symptomatic persons, only study supporting an immediate, but not sustained, decrease individuals. Conclusions The existing does support association outcomes. There need additional research persons pain.