Seasonal Slaughter Cycles and Urban Food Supply in the Colonial Chesapeake

摘要: People have lived in cities for over five millennia, thus understanding the emergence, development, and characteristics of urban settlements is a core research area archaeology. Archaeologists traditionally linked urbanization urbanism to environmental questions because concentration people that defines city requires large supply food as well social economic mechanisms bring it distribute it. Cities typically rely on systems intensive agriculture high levels surplus production from are either prerequisite or quick by-product. permanent with dense populations, complex systems, productive specializations, strong appetites food, fuel, other natural resources. In addition depleting local resources, change environment though continued building discharge volumes waste. This case study investigates supplies distribution by comparing seasonal slaughter patterns domestic animals at rural sites North America. The data states Virginia Maryland dating mid-17th century through end 18th (Figure 19-1). Incremental growth structures dental cementum cattle (Bos taurus) teeth examined thin-sections interpret season slaughter. New England (New Hampshire, Massachusetts,