The NASA Carbon Airborne Flux Experiment (CARAFE): instrumentation and methodology

摘要: Abstract. The exchange of trace gases between the Earth's surface and atmosphere strongly influences atmospheric composition. Airborne eddy covariance can quantify fluxes at local to regional scales (1–1000 km), potentially helping bridge gaps top-down bottom-up flux estimates offering novel insights into biophysical biogeochemical processes. NASA Carbon Flux Experiment (CARAFE) utilizes C-23 Sherpa aircraft with a suite commercial custom instrumentation acquire carbon dioxide, methane, sensible heat, latent heat high spatial resolution. Key components CARAFE payload are described, including meteorological, greenhouse gas, water vapor, imaging systems. Continuous wavelet transforms deliver spatially resolved along flight tracks. analysis methodology is discussed in depth, special emphasis on quantification uncertainties. Typical uncertainties derived 40–90 % for nominal resolution 2 km or 16–35 % when averaged over full leg (typically 30–40 km). has successfully flown two missions eastern US 2016 2017, quantifying forest, cropland, wetlands, water. Preliminary results from these campaigns presented highlight performance this system.