Endothelial Dysfunction as an Early Sign of Atherosclerosis

摘要: The endothelium, the monolayer covering inner surface of blood vessels, plays a pivotal role in regulation vascular tone and structure, as well inflammation thrombosis, i.e., key events atherosclerotic disease process its clinical complications, such myocardial infarction stroke. In particular reduced endothelial availability nitric oxide (NO), part due to increased oxidant stress, has been shown promote pro-inflammatory prothrombotic phenotype endothelium. More recently, it observed that cardiovascular risk factors reduce number impair function circulating bone marrow-derived progenitor cells (EPCs), thereby impairing endogenous repair capacity. Importantly, dysfunction identified common link all factors. Numerous studies have further demonstrated close association degree with future events. Whether can improve prediction on top careful evaluation classic is currently prospectively analyzed several studies, PREVENT-it study. Furthermore, novel easier use methods assess are explored, Endo-PAT system, for their potential improving prediction. At present, assessment EPCs highly valuable research tools our understanding mechanisms determine impact therapeutic approaches function. Before measurements can, however, be recommended practice assessment, results ongoing prospective assessing additive value these should awaited.