Occurrence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis within and between species: A review of influential variables as identified from field studies

摘要: In the last two decades a wealth of field studies has documented Bd infection on amphibians worldwide. These studies have demonstrated that the pathogen presence, infection severity and disease impact differ substantially between and within species. However, aside from the influence of temperature, the relative importance of various biotic and abiotic factors driving pathogen occurrence is unclear, leading to potential bias and limitation in our understanding of host-Bd dynamic ecology. Here, we systematically review the Bd literature that investigated environmental, pathogen-related or intrinsic species-specific factors to explain spatial patterns of Bd as measured from field-collected samples. We searched Scopus, Web of Science, and key review papers for field-based articles published from 1999 to 2020. We evaluated 102 articles on spatial heterogeneity of Bd occurrence between amphibian populations …