Racial and ethnic differences in the association between depressive symptoms and cognitive outcomes in older adults: Findings from KHANDLE and STAR

摘要: INTRODUCTION Depressive symptoms are associated with higher risk of dementia, but how they impact cognition in diverse populations is unclear. METHODS Asian, Black, Latino, or White participants (n = 2227) in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (age 65+) and the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (age 50+) underwent up to three waves of cognitive assessments over 4 years. Multilevel models stratified by race/ethnicity were used to examine whether depressive symptoms were associated with cognition or cognitive decline and whether associations differed by race/ethnicity. RESULTS Higher depressive symptoms were associated with lower baseline verbal episodic memory scores (−0.06, 95% CI: −0.12, −0.01; −0.15, 95% CI: −0.25, −0.04), and faster decline annually in semantic memory (−0.04, 95% CI: −0.07, −0.01; −0.10, 95% CI: −0.15, −0.05) for Black and Latino …