Fungicide resistance in wheat powdery mildew

摘要: Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is the causal agent of wheat powdery mildew. In Australia, it has been associated with yield loses of up to 25% under conducive conditions due to a reduction of photosynthetic leaf area and nutrients available to the crop (Trengove et al., 2021; Dodhia et al., 2021). Wheat powdery mildew can be controlled with azole inhibitors (DMI, Group 3) and strobilurins (QoI, Group 11) in regions where resistance is not present or at low levels (Dodhia et al., 2021). The development of resistance not only threatens effective crop protection, but also reduces the number of modes of action (MoA’s), available to growers, contributing to the increase of fungicide resistance risk within those systems.In Australia, over 10 Mha are sown with wheat annually, thus providing a large breeding ground for this pathogen (ABARES, 2020). Mildew infections are most common in areas with medium to high rainfall, as cool humid conditions are required for optimal disease development. Irrigated crops often provide the right conditions for powdery mildew development.