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摘要: Network location problems occur when new facilities are to be located on a network. The network of interest may be a road network, an air transport network, a river network, or a network of shipping lanes. For a given network location problem, the new facilities are often idealized as points, and may be located anywhere on the network; constraints may be imposed upon the problem so that new facilities are not too far from existing facilities. Usually some objective function is to be minimized. For single objective function problems, typically the objective is to minimize either a sum of transport costs proportional to network travel distances between existing facilities and closest new facilities, or a maximum of" losses" proportional to such travel distances, or the total number of new facilities to be located. There is also a growing interest in multiobjective network location problems.