Human factors of using artificial intelligence in healthcare: challenges that stretch across industries

摘要: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is one of the fastest growing industries worldwide. AI is already used to deliver services as diverse as symptom checking, skin cancer screening, and recognition of sepsis. But is it safe to use AI in patient care? However, the evidence base is narrow and limited, frequently restricted to small studies considering the performance of AI applications at isolated tasks. In this paper we argue that greater consideration should be given to how the AI will be integrated into clinical processes and health services, because it is at this level that human factors challenges are likely to arise. We use the example of autonomous infusion pumps in intensive care to analyse the human factors challenges of using AI for patient care. We outline potential strategies to address these challenges, and we discuss how such strategies and approaches could be applied more broadly to AI technologies used in other domains.