European Energy System Based on 100% Renewable Energy–Transport Sector

摘要: This chapter presents a technically feasible and economically viable energy pathway for Europe, in which the energy sector (comprised of power, heat, transport, and desalination) reaches 100% renewable energy and zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The research highlights the transition of the transport sector, which is currently dependent on fossil fuels to a great extent, towards being driven by 100% renewables. The transport sector achieves zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, mainly through direct and indirect electrification in the form of synthetic fuels, such as hydrogen and Fischer-Tropsch fuels. The methods are comprised of the derivation of the transportation demand, which is converted into final energy demand for direct electrification along with production of hydrogen, methane and Fischer-Tropsch fuels. The power-to-gas (H2, CH4) and power-to-liquids (Fischer-Tropsch fuels …