Indigenous peoples and water justice in a globalizing world

摘要: By virtue of their marginal political position and disadvantaged economic status, indigenous peoples have relatively restricted access to productive water resources and are especially vulnerable to water injustices. Indigenous peoples confront challenges that constrain the ability to bargain for secure and remunerative livelihoods (Baviskar 2005) and to participate in decisions that govern water allocation, use, and management (Boelens, Getches, and Guevara Gil 2010). This distinctive vulnerability affects the ways in which indigenous peoples are materially impacted by the environmental and socioeconomic costs and benefits of water resource development and supply systems, which are rarely, if ever, distributed evenly (Tinoco et al. 2014). It also affects individual and group perceptions and experiences of injustice, such as discriminatory, exclusionary, and disrespectful treatment of indigenous norms, values, and practices. Most of the world’s 370 million indigenous peoples are in this disadvantaged state, representing more than 5,000 distinct peoples living in more than 90 countries in all inhabited continents (Morse 2010).This situation of persistent inequality, which is fundamentally rooted in colonial histories, explains lower levels of access to water sanitation services (Tinoco et al. 2014) and disparities in water services coverage between indigenous and nonindigenous peoples. In a recent review of the literature on indigenous peoples and water, sanitation, and hygiene services, Jiménez, Cortobius, and Kjellen (2014) observed that the existence of higher proportions of indigenous population correlates with lower levels of access to water …