Cross-cultural validity and comparability in assessments of complex constructs

摘要: This chapter discusses issues and methodologies in cross-cultural validity and comparability in multilingual and multicultural assessment contexts, considering construct equivalence, test equivalence and testing condition equivalence. It discusses the important role of sociocultural context in shaping learning and assessment performance, particularly for assessments measuring 21st Century competencies like creativity or critical thinking. Cultural norms, practices and opportunities to learn affect students’ understanding of assessment items, problem-solving strategies and performance. In innovative digital assessment contexts, students’ digital literacy and potential biases in test adaptivity and artificial intelligence-based automated scoring and item generation engines also necessitate consideration. The chapter highlights recommendations for evaluating and optimising validity and comparability in innovative …